Summary Of Cocoon Collection And Drying In Chongqing In 2011

1. Basic conditions of drying and curing

Chongqing 27 districts (cities) counties in 2011 Buy 鮮繭14041噸(約合280230市擔)，其中正繭13409噸(約合262180市擔)，下足繭633噸(約合12660市擔)，下足繭占收購總量的4.51%;與去年同期相比，鮮繭增加474噸(約合9480市擔)、增加3.49%，下足比上升0.48%;正繭均價1391元/50kg、綜合均價1351.5元/50kg，與去年同期比較分別增加210元/50kg和205.5元/50kg，增幅17.78%和17.93%;綜合烘折2.46公斤，同比下降0.02公斤;收購單產27.83公斤/張、增幅3.19%;蠶農銷售蠶繭收入37954.16萬元，同比增加6863.16萬元，增幅達21.99%;干繭質量分別為，上車率89.61%、上繭率82.96%、適干率86.20%、繭層率46.76%、繭絲長908米、解舒率58.39%，同比分別下降0.43%、提高0.32%、提高0.36%、下降1.36%、增加1米、下降1.51%。

Two, acquisition characteristics

(1) establishing a legal supervision and inspection system during the cocoon purchase period. severe Crack down on unlicensed acquisition and cross regional rush to harvest. The City Association held a special conference on Cocoon harvesting and drying in the early stages of cocoon purchase in each season, invited cocoons to bake enterprises, and checked the law enforcement departments. The business sector held a special discussion on the industry self-discipline during the acquisition period, the division and management of the baked areas, the purchase order maintenance, and the fresh cocoon purchase guidance price system. And set up a special person to supervise and manage the acquisition work in the area, so as to prevent the irrational acquisition of the acquisition boundary and disrupt the purchase order during the acquisition process. In response to this, the Municipal Association, together with the Municipal Bureau of inspection and quarantine, conducted a check on the quality of cocoon and the quality of fresh cocoons purchased from 57 cocoon stations in Hechuan, Tongnan, Tongliang, Fuling, Dianjiang, Beibei, Qianjiang and other key counties during the spring cocoon purchase. The quality indexes of cocoons were greatly improved compared with the same period in 2010. The average dry weight of spring cocoon is 8.79g, which is 2.3% higher than that of the same period last year. The moisture content of cocoon layer is 20.2%, and the percentage of cocoon layer is 4.1 percentage points lower than that of the same period last year. The cocoon layer rate is 22.1%, which is the same as that of the same period last year. The rate of cocoon cocoon cocoon is 28%, down 31.2 percentage points compared with the same period last year. In addition, the cocoon station that found problems in the process of sampling inspection was ordered to order the rectification notice, supervise and improve the allocation of hardware facilities, equipment and technical personnel of silkworm cocoon, and achieve good results.

(two) the purchase price of the whole fresh cocoon is larger than that of last year. increase 。 Due to the continuous reduction of cocoon production last year, the price of cocoon and raw silk continued to rise and the trend of price rising all the way, the purchasing price of cocoon in spring increased substantially compared with that of last year. The average purchasing price of the cocoon and raw silk increased by 402.5 yuan /50 kg, an increase of 35.18% yuan, which was higher than that of the fresh cocoon purchase price of 146.5 yuan /50 kg, creating a new high price of spring cocoon purchase this year. The comprehensive average price of summer cocoon purchase was 1204 yuan /50 kg, an increase of 11.64% over the same period last year; the comprehensive average price of the autumn purchase was 1247.50 yuan /50 kilograms, an increase of 94 yuan /50 kg, an increase of 8.15%; the comprehensive average price of late autumn purchase was 1294 yuan /50 kilograms, an increase of 65 yuan /50 kilogram, an increase of 1546.5 yuan compared to the same period last year. The growth rate was 402.5. The average annual cocoon price was 1351.50 yuan /50 kg, an increase of 205.50 yuan /50 kg, an increase of 17.93%, boosting silkworm farmers' income by nearly seventy million.

(three) increased cocoon yield, increased purchase yield and reduced drying rate. In the first half of the year, cocoon and cocoon purchases increased significantly compared with last year, with an increase of 3.49%. Among them, spring increased by 5.30% and summer increased by 20.31%. The increase in cocoon purchase is also obvious, increasing by 391 tons, an increase of 3%. The purchase of 27.83 kilograms of output increased by 0.86 kg compared with the same period, an increase of 3.19%. Comprehensive drying reduction reduced 0.02 kg and increased dry cocoon output by nearly 50 tons. Economics Significant benefits. This is mainly conducive to the implementation of a number of projects and policies such as "10 million", so that the technical level and facilities and equipment conditions of silkworm rearing in the whole city have been continuously improved and improved, and the promotion of silkworm insurance in key sericulture areas and the solution to the worries of sericulture farmers is a comprehensive result of the gradual improvement of disinfection and disease prevention in the breeding process, which has played a positive role in improving the cocoon output in our city.

Three, problems

(1) some indicators of dried cocoons declined from last year. During the summer and autumn autumn, the high temperature and short rain and extreme weather conditions affected the yield of mulberry leaves and shortening the feeding period of silkworms. During the spring and late autumn season, the low temperature and rainy extreme weather and climate had a great impact on the quality of silkworm cocoons. Especially in the late autumn season, the influence of the wet and humid climate on the purchase of cocoons in storage is more obvious. Mainly on the key indicators affecting silkworm cocoon grade, such as the rate of relaxation and the rate of getting on the bus, the rate of relaxation decreased by 1.51% compared with the same period last year, and the rate of getting on the bus decreased by 0.43% compared with the same period last year.

(two) driven by the profit driven by the high price of dry cocoon, the situation of cocoon traders going to the villages and households to collect cocoons in the border areas and provinces and cities of some districts and counties has caused a certain impact on the order of local cocoon purchasing market. In the first half of the year, the price of dry cocoon market continued to rise, and the increase in purchasing price of fresh cocoons had a lagging effect, showing that the high profit of the cocoon purchase link attracted some illegal purchasers to enter the cocoon purchasing market. In cities such as Tongliang, Hechuan, Wuxi, Wushan and Hubei, there is a situation where fresh cocoons are seized by cocoons, causing high local prices and causing disorder in market buyout.

(three) the large fluctuation of the market situation of dry cocoon and raw silk has adverse effects on the development of the whole silk and cocoon industry. First, it brings enormous pressure to the normal production and capital supply of the silk post processing enterprises, and secondly, it constitutes a bigger battle for the stable and orderly development of sericulture production. In the first half of the year, raw silk prices rose sharply in a short period of time, driving the sales price of dry cocoons to rise all the way, which rose more than raw silk, resulting in the abnormal price of intermediate links, and increased the financial pressure of reeling silk enterprises. In the second half of the year, dry cocoon, silk and its finished products gradually entered the price decline channel after the fierce rise. The selling price of raw silk gradually dropped from the highest 420 thousand / ton to 28-30 / ton at the end of the year. The market listing price of dry cocoon high price also highlights the characteristics of no market price, and the impact on all sectors of the industry is difficult to digest in a short time. and then It affects the stability of silkworm foundation.

Four, suggestions

(1) further regulate the order of the cocoon market, eliminate the manipulation of the external cause to the cocoon silk market, avoid sharp fluctuations in prices, and affect the stable development of the industry.

(two) the government subsidy and assistance system for sericultural production to deal with sudden climate and natural disasters will form a normalized policy system.

(three) to popularize standardized silkworm production, fresh cocoon purchase and dry cocoon drying and baking technology system, to avoid the harm of artificial and mechanical factors to the quality of dry cocoon, and to preserve the quality of fresh cocoon and dry cocoon.