Pearl River Delta Survey: China Made Labor Shortage Earlier

　　 enterprise The gap between the wages offered and the ideal level of workers is too large, causing workers to frequently change jobs or go back to their hometown to find another way out.

Editor's note: at the end of the year, it suddenly became a "barrier" for Chinese enterprises to tide over. This year's special year is very special. Labor shortage Ahead of schedule, enterprises are unable to continue to use "raise salary" to attract. staff Because the continued appreciation of the renminbi has squeezed the profits of enterprises. These are problems that China will face sooner or later, but they are really cruel.

Guangzhou Jinghua optical company is very short of work at present. This optoelectronic instrument company, which keeps 1000 workers in general, wants to recruit 50 ordinary workers before the Spring Festival, but it can never be found.

"It's not a matter of wages. How much money can't be done? Everyone would rather go home than go back to the factory during the Spring Festival. " The Yellow River, deputy general manager of Jinghua optics. The monthly salary level of the workers in this enterprise has exceeded 3000 yuan and is also higher in the same industry.

There is no coincidence. Liu Huayu, a waitress in Hunan, is tidying up her desk in a large chain chafing dish store in the central city of Guangzhou. A guest asked her: "don't be afraid of being fired" by the boss? She replied, "I don't want to do it."

The waitress refused to disclose her salary, but she said, "far more than 2000 yuan."

Lack of work, lack of work, and last year after the spring festival only let enterprises headache, this year ahead of time.

Job shortage comes ahead of schedule.

During the new year's day, reporters visited Yonghe Development Zone in Guangzhou and found that there was much less deserted than usual. The reporter passed 8 construction sites, only one of them was in construction.

"Some people are worried that the cold wave will intensify and they can not buy tickets, and the Spring Festival is relatively earlier than in previous years." labor shortage "appeared earlier this year. The boss of flying eagle office told reporters. "Most of the workers who came back during the Asian Games were not coming back, but the situation was even more intense for a month before the holidays. Now we can't find anyone with the list."

The construction industry is "injured" in the "labor shortage", and it is also a "difficult fellow" in the labor intensive catering industry and clothing industry. In the town Industrial Road, which is concentrated by garment enterprises in Humen Town, Dongguan, almost all garment enterprises have posted notices of recruitment. The reporter saw that there were only twenty workers in seventy or eighty workshops of an enterprise. In Guangzhou Baiyun District West Cha Road, 90% small restaurant at the door of the job advertisement.

Although there is no shortage of workers in Shaoxing city of Zhejiang Province, enterprises are worried about it after the Spring Festival.

As the largest textile production and trading center in Asia, Shaoxing needs 1 million migrant workers every year. But this year, the first official rejection was made when Shaoxing was recruiting workers from remote and impoverished mainland labor exporting provinces.

"This is the first time in history," said Zhang Hao, deputy director of the Shaoxing Employment Administration Bureau. "They used to ask us to recruit people, but now they do not welcome us."

Zhang Hao said that the Employment Authority will require enterprises to report employment demand every year, and then provide unified employment information to the employment management departments in Sichuan and Chongqing. The workers will be organized by the other party, and the workers and exporter of migrant workers will serve as a service for the government and enterprises for many years.

The Shaoxing Employment Management Bureau is more upset that Sichuan and other employment management departments also sent people to the Yangtze River Delta region to visit migrant workers in this province. "The purpose of the visit is to mobilize the migrant workers to go back to work because local people are also beginning to lack employment." Zhang Hao said.

"Of course, whether you want to go back or look at the migrant workers, in the final analysis, is the game of wages." Zhang Hao said.

In 2010, a sample survey was conducted by the labor and Social Security Department of Shaoxing. More than 75% of migrant workers expected to earn more than 1800 yuan per month. They should eat and live at least one day a week and pay in full and on time.

"Most enterprises in Shaoxing can not meet this requirement." Zhang Hao said.

In Yiwu, the world's largest small commodity distribution center, business owners are also beginning to worry about how many employees will come back after the Spring Festival. Huang Yunlong, director of Yiwu Employment Management Bureau, believes that the key is that the gap between the wages offered by the enterprises and the ideal level of the workers is too large, causing workers to frequently change jobs or go back to their hometown to find another way out.

The boss is trying to save people.

"Take less than four hundred or five hundred yuan a month, and I would rather go back to my hometown, because all kinds of expenses are left behind," said Liu Xiangdong, a Jiangxi native. "It's certainly not possible unless we can earn three to four years."

In the southern Guangdong talent market in Baiyun District of Guangzhou, Huang Biao, a Hunan boy who chose jobs before the booth, said she was not in a hurry to find a job. "Now there are many new factories near my hometown. Finding jobs is much easier than before. I just want to come to Guangzhou to see if there is any better opportunity for development."

Guangzhou, Guangzhou shipping international Limited by Share Ltd vice chairman of the trade union, said he had just visited the company's engineering team to touch the bottom, after the Spring Festival, at most can only guarantee 80% of the workers return.

In order to retain staff and wages, enterprises want to come out of a variety of ways. On the first working day of the new year, the chairman of the Orans Limited by Share Ltd in Taizhou District, Luqiao, led the company's senior leaders to bow at the gate 90 degrees to greet the frontline staff.

In order to make the workers feel warm and willing to return, tickets for the Spring Festival transportation began in January 10th. Wang Jianping, the head of the administrative department of the chord garment factory in Changan town of Dongguan, began to book tickets for the employees. "Booking tickets is also very difficult now, but it must be bought, and if it is not available, then the high price tickets must be bought."

Helping employees buy tickets for Spring Festival transportation has become a "means" for many enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region. According to statistics from Guangzhou Railway Group, as of January 9th, 3540 enterprises have booked 650 thousand group tickets for Spring Festival travel, including 590 thousand before the festival, and 60 thousand return tickets in Hunan area after the holidays.

"2011 spring festival is coming, warmly welcome your spouse, friends from the motherland to come to work before and after the Spring Festival." in mid January, a listed company in Foshan, Guangdong, early produced such a "tender" recruitment advertisement, saying that "to recruit a large number of 30 to 45 years old (husband and wife) production workers, single migrant workers (women)".

It seems to have become a common slogan of enterprises to "warm welcome to work together with spouses and friends from the countryside". "Nowadays, many enterprises offer introductory fees, reward employees to introduce relatives and townsmen to work. Now, some companies have commissioned me to return to a "fellow townsman" in the new year, but I am not confident enough now. Said Eagle boss.

This year the situation is special.

A reporter survey found that recruitment difficulties have become normal, but also to the beginning of the year, medium and medium term "spread", which is a long-term challenge for labor-intensive enterprises.

Enterprises generally believe that the reasons for this situation are complex, and then the international demand is gradually warming up in the era of crisis, and the order situation is entering a "changeable period". The Yellow River said, taking Jinghua company as an example, the company, which mainly exported to Germany and the United States, had been producing off-season in winter, and the enterprises began to take off and reduce staff as planned at the end of November last year, but the order was abnormal. After December, it continued to break.

"Entering the post crisis era, affected by exchange rate changes, raw material price changes, and the impact of debt crisis on the European market as a whole, foreign orders are increasingly shifting to short lists and urgent ones. Considering the rising cost of human resources, we dare not" hoard "manpower, and hiring is particularly difficult. The Yellow River said.

The fundamental change of the concept of employment of the vast number of migrant workers is another important reason for the "labor shortage" in the PRD enterprises. According to many enterprises, many migrant workers began to move to the second tier cities because of the increasing number of migrant workers and the change of their ideas. Although the income is not high in the big cities, they are close to home and the quality of life is relatively high. This makes the labor market in China gradually change from the "one-way generation" of employees selected by enterprises in the past to the "two-way era" between enterprises and employees.

The company said that due to the special production and employment situation, it is feared that after the end of the Spring Festival this year, Guangdong, a province with large number of migrant workers, will encounter a new round of "labor shortage". "Even if the wage level of our enterprises is relatively high, we are well prepared for insufficient recruitment." The Yellow River said.

A new round of "wage surge"

What worries the enterprises is also the most substantive way to solve the labor shortage. It is a new round of "rising tide" for workers' wages.

The Yellow River says he expects wages to rise by at least 10% after the Spring Festival.

At the Canton Fair held in late October to early November, most of the enterprises interviewed by reporters also thought that wage increase would be around 10% after the Spring Festival this year. The head of a large textile enterprise in Guangzhou said that the number of workers with nearly 6000 workers in the first half of last year was generally around 15%, and is expected to rise 8% to 10% this year.

"Do you want to go up?" now, vegetable prices and oil prices are rising. Housing prices are also rising. Is it only wages that do not rise? "Liu Hua Yu said." now if I would like to introduce my fellow countrymen to work here, the hotel will also introduce me to the fee. "

However, rising wages are also hard for many businesses to support. Zhuji, Zhejiang, is the largest stocking production base in the world, producing 4/5 of the world's socks. Luo Fang, chairman of Zhuji Xin run socks Co., Ltd., said he understood the idea that workers could improve their treatment, but the profits of textile enterprises were already at the margin of profit and loss, and there was little room for raising wages.

"In 2010, the foreign trade situation is very good, orders are 30% more than that of last year, but they didn't make money, cotton yarn prices doubled, and RMB appreciation increased by more than 3%. How can there be any increase in wages for employees?" Luo said.

Zhou Xiumei, chairman of Zhejiang step man socks Co. Ltd., said that enterprises can only give more mental benefits and emotional benefits to employees, and the space for wage increases has been very small. In order to enhance her feelings with employees, her way is to organize corporate employees' meals and sing to KTV every month.

A lot of struggling enterprises sprouted a retreat. "To support this month, it is really not possible to move the factory back to Sichuan's hometown, and the cost is much lower." Chen Bo, boss of Guangzhou Tengfei garment factory, said helplessly.

No progress is backward. Guangdong University of Business Professor Wu Yi believes that it is not only difficult to recruit workers, but also has low added value and weak bargaining power. For enterprises, either transformation and upgrading, increasing machines to replace labor, increasing brand value, or transferring to the Midwest, but the difficulty of transfer is also very large.

"From a positive point of view, this is also a historical opportunity to push down industrial upgrading. Relevant departments should pay attention to the problem of labor drain and break down, and introduce measures to guide the transformation and upgrading of enterprises." Wu Yi said.