New Forms Of Non-Tariff Barriers In International Trade

The measure of non-tariff trade barriers refers to the measures that constitute substantive restrictions and prohibition on import and export of goods except tariffs.

It can be divided into two categories: direct and indirect.

The direct non-tariff barrier measure is that the importing country directly restricts the quantity or amount of the imported goods, or compels the exporters to directly restrict the export volume of the commodities.

Indirect non-tariff barriers measure is that importing countries impose strict regulations or regulations on import commodities and indirectly restrict the import of goods.

The formulation of tariffs often involves certain legislative procedures. Even though adjusting or changing the tax rate, certain legal procedures and procedures are required. Therefore, tariffs have certain continuity.

The formulation and implementation of non tariff barrier measures usually adopt administrative procedures, which are more rapid and simple, and can take or replace corresponding restrictions and import measures for a country and a certain commodity at any time, so as to achieve a faster limit.

Tariff measures are to increase the cost and price of goods by imposing tariffs, and thus weaken their competitiveness. Therefore, their protection is indirect.

And some non-tariff barriers directly restrict imports, so that the purpose of tariff measures can be achieved quickly and directly.

In today's development of international trade, the status of tariff and traditional non-tariff measures has been gradually weakened, and no longer constitute a major market barrier.

Under the background of technological innovation, consumer demand for product safety and quality, increasingly active international business activities, and more attention to social and environmental issues, new non-tariff measures, represented by technical standards and environmental requirements, have springing up and used rapidly, which has become one of the most prominent features of international trade development.

The emergence and strengthening of new trade barriers is not accidental. It is the product of the continuous development of international economy, society and science and technology.

The main reasons for the analysis of the new trade barriers are the following:

1. social progress and the people of developed countries

With the ever increasing awareness of safety and health, people are increasingly concerned about the impact of products on physical health and safety. As a result, new barriers to trade, including health, safety and hygiene, are increasing.

2. with

The concept of sustainable development is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and people are increasingly concerned about the sustainable development of the earth and society on which they depend. Therefore, the product itself and its production and processing processes in international trade are not at the cost of destroying the environment or sacrificing the environment. At the same time, we must not sacrifice laborers when producing these products.

At the cost.

As a result, new barriers to trade such as green barriers and social barriers will continue to emerge in international trade.

3. the increasing number of new trade barriers is bound up with traditional trade barriers.

Traditional trade barriers, such as tariffs, permits and quotas, will not only be subject to international conventions and international public opinion, but also vulnerable to peer retaliation.

Therefore, the future development space of these traditional trade barriers measures is not very large, which provides huge space for the development of new trade barriers such as green barriers.

Generally speaking, after the tariff rate is fixed, it is often published in the form of law and executed according to law.

Therefore, exporters are usually relatively easy to get the relevant tax rates, but some non-tariff barriers are often not open, or require extremely cumbersome, complex standards and procedures to make exporters difficult to deal with and adapt to.

In addition, non-tariff barriers are often of poor pparency and concealment and are easy to implement differential treatment for non trading partners.