Inventory Of 60 Major Inventions Of New China (Four)

4. China's first missile

Brief introduction of the invention: in 1960, the first missile of our country was launched successfully on the land of China, creating a new era of our army's weaponry.

Impact: in November 5, 1960, China's first surface to surface short-range missile, "Dongfeng 1", was successfully launched, marking a breakthrough in China's mastery of missile technology.

The successful launching of the first "competing for bombs" broke the prophecy of "China's missiles will never come to the sky" in the hegemonic country, and created the all powerful road of the people's Republic's strategic missile force.

5.t - 7m experimental liquid fuel sounding rocket

Brief introduction of the invention: in February 19, 1960, the T 7m experimental liquid fuel sounding rocket, designed and manufactured by the Shanghai electrical and Mechanical Design Institute, was successfully tested at the Nanhui Shanghai launch site.

Impact: this achievement has begun in China's "space age".

This is the first achievement of engineering practice in China's sounding rocket technology.

6. China's first 10000 ton hydraulic press

Introduction: in December 1961, Jiangnan Shipyard successfully built the first 12000 ton hydraulic press in China, filling a blank for China heavy machinery industry.

7. integrated circuit

Introduction: in 1965, the first integrated circuit developed by China was born in Shanghai only 7 years later than the United States.

Impact: since the first monolithic integrated circuit was successfully developed in 1965, several key integrated circuit research and production bases have been set up in China.

Now it can produce 250 million circuits a year, with an increase of 45%.

At the end of "95", the level of mass production of integrated circuits was 1 to 1.5 microns, the research level was 0.8 microns, and the results were achieved in the 0.5 to 0.6 micron technology research.

Two, 1970~1979

1. Hybrid Rice

Introduction: Yuan Longping, the world's "father of hybrid rice", was first introduced in the world in 1973 to produce indica hybrid rice.

Indica hybrid rice is better than traditional rice.

It has increased over 30%, and its popularization and application in China has made China the first country in the world to utilize heterosis in rice production.

Impact: until 90s, the impact of hybrid rice continued.

Yuan Longping won the highest prize in China in 2001, the highest science and Technology Award in the country.

In many third world developing countries, population problem has become one of the main reasons for intensifying social contradictions.

The emergence of hybrid rice has not only solved the problem of 1 billion 300 million Chinese people's stomach, but also contributed greatly to the world's food shortage. To a certain extent, it has alleviated the contradiction between more people and less land, and has made great contributions to the world's food shortage.

2. Laser Phototypesetting Technology

Brief introduction of the invention: from 1975, Wang Xuan hosted the research and development of the computerized Chinese character laser phototypesetting system and the later electronic publishing system, which spanned the stage of the two generation optical machine in Japan and the three generation of cathode ray tube generation in Europe and the United States, and pioneered the fourth generation laser phototypesetting system with no commodity at that time.

The so-called Laser Phototypesetting Technology is to decompose the text into a dot matrix through computer, then control the laser scanning on the sensitive film, and use the dot matrix of the exposure point to form words and images.

Popularly speaking, in fact, it is the abbreviation of electronic typesetting system.

Influence: Laser Phototypesetting and movable type printing are very similar. This is also the reason why Wang Xuan, his main inventor, is known as the contemporary Bi Sheng.

The appearance of laser typesetting has made the printing industry bid farewell to danger (lead poisoning) and inefficient printing, and embarked on an efficient and convenient way.

In fact, the function of laser typesetting is not only the reform and upgrading of Chinese printing technology, but also has a great influence on the Chinese culture.

3. artemisinin

Introduction: in 1972, researchers finally extracted artemisinin, a malaria resistant compound from Artemisia annua, and carried out clinical trials in malaria prone areas in Yunnan and Hainan in 1973.

Artemisinin is the first chemical product developed by new China, marking a historic breakthrough in the development of new drugs in China.

Effect: artemisinin, which is fast, effective and resistant to malaria, has been praised as a "milestone" in the history of antimalarial drug research by the international community.

Compound artemether is the first new chemical structure discovered in China. It is also widely recognized internationally as an original Chinese medicine.

It has a milestone in the history of the treatment of malaria as a highly contagious disease.

As of 2002, it has obtained the patent invention patent of 49 countries and regions, including China, the United States, Japan, Australia and the European community. It has become the first international patent in China. It is also one of the world's most patent drugs with the largest patent protection and the largest patent coverage.

4. China's first nuclear submarine

Introduction: in August 22, 1971, the first nuclear powered submarine of China was launched to sea trial area with nuclear power for the first time.

In January 1974, a pilot trial was conducted. In August 1, 1974, the Central Military Commission of the CPC issued an order to designate China's first nuclear submarine as "Long March 1".

Impact: since then, the Chinese Navy, as the world's fifth Navy with nuclear submarine, has entered the ranks of the world's nuclear Navy. It marks the development of China's naval equipment technology to a new level.

5. China's first Tokamak device (ct-6)

Brief introduction of the invention: from 1972 onwards, Chen Chunxian, a researcher of the Institute of physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yan Luguang, the Institute of Electrotechnics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, set up a research group, and began to develop the first Tokamak device of our country's core pformer, Beijing tokamak 6 (ct-6), which was formally built in 1974 and attracted the attention of the international physics circles.

The device was put into operation in 1974. Using this device, the observation of the equilibrium unstable boundary and the microwave preionization and cleaning discharge were carried out.

Impact: the successful development of Tokamak 6 in Beijing is not only the best technological achievement of our country, but also the monopoly of nuclear fusion in western developed countries.