Inventory Of 60 Major Inventions Of New China (1)

60 great inventions recommended by new China

Project (1)

1950~1959

1. Li Siguang: Theory of continental oil generation

Introduction: in the 50-60 century of twentieth Century, the theory of oil generation in continental basins and the theory of oil generation in continental basins guided the discovery of Daqing oilfield.

It has been thought that only large oil fields are likely to occur in marine strata. Our scientists have put forward a theory that continental deposits can generate large oil fields if conditions are right.

Influence: Li Siguang's "theory of terrestrial oil generation" has completely removed the cap of the poor oil country and made a long face for the Chinese.

Daqing, Dagang, Shengli and other places have built large oil fields continuously, and the role of continental oil generation theory is indispensable.

Previously, it has been thought that only large oil fields are likely to occur in marine strata. Many large Meso Cenozoic basins in China are mostly continental deposits, so Westerners believe that China is a poor oil country.

For this reason, our scientists have put forward the theory that continental sedimentation can generate large oil fields if conditions are suitable.

This breakthrough in basic theory has led us to discover oil and gas resources at our feet.

2. Ni Zhifu: "three point and seven blade" drill bit

Brief introduction of the invention: in 1953, when Ni Zhifu worked as a clamp in Beijing Yongding machinery factory, after repeated tests, he invented the "three point and seven edged" bit with high efficiency, long life and high quality (high machining accuracy). When drilling bits of steel with Ni Zhifu's modified drill, the axial force and twist were reduced by 30 to 50% and 10 to 30% respectively compared with the standard twist drill, and the heat generated during cutting was significantly reduced.

In addition, three spires of innovative drill bits can improve the stability of drilling and improve drilling accuracy.

The Ni Zhifu bit is 3.4 times longer than the international standard drill at that time, and its efficiency is about 1 times higher.

But Ni Zhifu humbly referred to the "Ni Zhifu bit" as "group drill".

It means that the masses are involved in improvement and improvement.

Influence: when Ni Zhifu was a locksmith in 1953, he invented a highly effective, long life and high quality "three point and seven edged" drill for the difficult problem of ordinary twist drill in the failure of the special armor plate of the armoured vehicle.

Compared with ordinary twist drill before grinding, the group drill has the advantages of reasonable front angle, lower drilling force, better durability and better drilling quality, and also has good performance of chip breaking, chip breaking and chip removal.

But at that time, there was no patent system in China. Ni Zhifu announced the technological achievements and lost the right to apply for patents. This invention has been used all over the world for free.

In 1965, Nie Rongzhen, the then director of the science and Technology Commission, awarded the "certificate of invention" to Ni Zhifu. In 1986, the United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization also awarded the gold medal and certificate for Ni Zhifu.

3. dwarf indica varieties

Introduction: indica rice, an annual grass, a kind of rice, with fine and long grain length, widely cultivated in warm climates. Seeds are used as human food, chaff and other by-products can raise livestock and rice straw is used for paper making.

As early as 1956, farmers breeding experts in Guangdong province bred the first large dwarf indica rice variety popularized in China.

Effect: the biggest weakness of high stalk varieties is not resistant to fertilizer, easy lodging, sparse planting and low yield.

Along with the breeding and popularization of a series of dwarf varieties, in 1965, rice production in southern China basically achieved dwarfing of indica rice, and the yield per mu increased from 200 to 250 kg to 300 to 350 kg.