The Core Theory Of Stair Is Very Important To China's Anti-Monopoly.

In October 13, 2014, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the award of the Nobel prize in economics to the French economist Jean J. jor, commending the "analysis of market forces and regulation" in 2014. The awarding Committee said, "tilor has explained how to understand and regulate those industries dominated by a few strong companies", that is, his research on oligopoly phenomenon is the main reason for this award. The economic core theory of tyre is undoubtedly a timely rain for China, which is in full swing against monopoly.

After more than 30 years of reform, opening up and development, China's economy has made great achievements in terms of total economic volume, national income and market mechanism, but there are also problems that most countries can not bypass. Monopoly is one.

China's monopoly can be divided into three main categories: the first is that foreign capital takes advantage of its strong position; it monopolizes the Chinese market without any doubt, abuses the dominant position of the market, and excludes the competitors to gain excess profits. At present, China's antitrust investigation on imports of high-end cars, electronic consumer goods, software systems and so on belongs to this category.

The second is the monopoly of state-owned enterprises caused by administrative monopoly prices. For example, telecommunications, petroleum, petrochemical, banking, railway, power, tap water and other public goods enterprises monopoly.

The third is the natural monopolization of the market. It means that only one or a few enterprises in the industry can produce efficiently. When technology shows economies of scale within the scope of production that meets all the needs, this happens. Technology has always been growing and reaching a certain scale, average cost and margin. cost It will always be on a downward trend. With the increase of production, enterprises can continuously lower prices and maintain certain profits. Large enterprises have much higher efficiency than small ones.

In these three categories MONOPOLY In behavior, it is the second category that is easiest to prevent and break monopoly. The first and third types of monopolies are the most difficult to deal with and deal with. Most of the first class monopolies are multinational corporations and strong enterprises. Because of the favor of domestic consumers, foreign enterprises and international famous brands, these enterprises have unscrupulously monopolized the market. In addition, due to the factors of international technology input, it is difficult for the antimonopoly sector to identify and define their specific monopoly products. market At the same time, if some high-tech enterprises in the world are strongly anti monopoly, they will also affect their economic development and the introduction of high-tech technology.

The third monopolistic behavior will be more complicated, and the antitrust will be more difficult. This is a monopolistic behavior which is mainly aimed at the prize winning theory of the Nobel Prize winner of the economics prize.

Before tenor, oligopoly researchers and policy makers tended to work out a single policy rule for all industries, such as price fixing, prohibition of competitors' cooperation, but allowing upstream and downstream enterprises to merge. According to the theoretical study of tror, this policy is feasible under certain conditions, but may cause damage under other conditions. His research shows that if only the price limit policy is applied, the dominant enterprises will be willing to cut costs, but they may also push them to pursue excess profits. The core of natural monopoly is to gain market dominance by relying on economies of scale. It is to squeeze competitors out of the market and eliminate them by means of economies of scale. Because of its economies of scale, it is the most fearless to reduce prices. Instead, price cuts are the secret weapon to eliminate competitors. Price fixing measures may be useful for the first two types of monopolistic behavior, but for natural monopoly, they are invalid.

At the same time, the economies of scale formed by natural monopoly are often brought about by independent innovation, especially technological innovation. If it is too early, too hard and blindly launched anti-monopoly investigation, the most likely to hurt the initiative of innovation. How to prevent natural monopolies without harming innovation requires economists to come up with research wisdom.

According to the theoretical study, the cooperative pricing of competitors is indeed harmful to the market, but if a group of companies sharing patents is cooperative pricing, it will benefit everyone. While encouraging cooperation between upstream and downstream enterprises is conducive to innovation, it will distort competition. He suggested that for oligopoly industries, specific circumstances should be analyzed in detail. In a series of articles and works, he put forward a new theoretical framework. If the government's policy based on this framework can better encourage oligopoly enterprises to be more productive, and prevent them from damaging competitors and consumers.

These economic policy system arrangements are very important for China's anti-monopoly process. China's natural monopoly has begun to emerge. For example, some Internet Co have made their economies of scale bigger and bigger by creating their own innovation, and in fact, they have occupied the dominant position in some fields. Once the behavior is improper or fighting for their own interests, it may damage consumers and attack competitors.

For these innovative enterprises, how to deal with the natural monopoly behavior, this economic Nobel Prize winner, Mr. We should conscientiously absorb, digest and draw lessons from it.