Bright Prospects For Bio Based Synthetic Fiber

The "12th Five-Year national strategic emerging industry development plan" listed the biological industry as one of the seven strategic emerging industries, and the "12th Five-Year" plan for the development of biological industry was put forward. Bio based materials It will replace 10% to 20% of the chemical materials; the development plan of "12th Five-Year" of the chemical fiber industry has proposed vigorously promoting the development of bio based chemical fibers and their raw materials.

There are many kinds of biomass fiber. At present, our research has made some progress and encountered some bottlenecks. For example, the fiber processing and product application of PLA is relatively mature, and its scale has reached 3000 tons / year. It has been applied in clothing, non-woven fabrics, environmental protection materials and other fields. However, the purification of L- lactic acid, the synthesis of lactide, the handle and dyeing of fiber are the factors restricting its development.

For example, PHBV and PLA blend fibers have made breakthrough in key technologies and industrial breakthroughs in PHBV resin synthesis and reactive masterbatch preparation, with capacity of 500 tons / year, mainly used in high-end clothing and household textiles. At present, the blending technology and the industrialization of spinning technology need to be solved.

The overall technical design ideas of bio based synthetic fibers are interdisciplinary, cross disciplinary, cross domain, continuous, engineering and large-scale. The two main directions for future development are the perfect application and evaluation system of bio based materials, supporting sustainable development, and a complete fiber preparation system -- technology upgrading and product rapid reaction system.

　　 Research and industrialization of biomass polylactic acid fiber

Ren Jie, doctoral supervisor, School of materials science and engineering, Tongji University

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a typical biodegradable polymer material, which is a typical biodegradable plastic. From the global market of lactic acid, the global lactic acid Market (excluding PLA) is about 260 thousand tons in 2009, with an annual growth rate of about 10%.

The advantage of polylactic acid is that it can reduce fossil fuel use, use natural renewable green plants as raw materials, adopt green manufacturing technology, and adapt to existing solid waste management system.

Polylactic acid has the following advantages: 1. Raw materials are readily available and renewable, suitable for large-scale intensive production; 2. Barrier properties, breathability, transparency, gloss and hardness, tensile and flexural modulus are all higher than those of traditional plastic resins; Its monomer raw material L- lactic acid is the human endogenous active substances, polylactic acid products are non-toxic to the human body, do not exclude and can be absorbed by the human body, can be made into medical tissue skeleton materials and medical carriers, and is used safely in the human body. It is certified by the US FDA. It is completely degradable and can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water after being buried in the soil for 6~12 months.

Packaging, medical and fiber is the three most popular field in polylactic acid market application. The consumption of packaging market accounts for about 70% of the total consumption of polylactic acid. In the medium and long term, the proportion of fiber and textiles will increase to 50%, becoming the largest consumer market of polylactic acid.

In the next few years, the fiber industry will be the fastest growing market for polylactic acid. The polylactic acid resin regularly spinning process made of biosynthetic fiber, its physical and biocompatibility, permeability and handle are better than polyester. It is not easy to generate static electricity. It can be made into multifilament, monofilament, short fiber, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, etc.

　　 Advantages and development direction of PTT textiles

Wang Fumei, Professor of textile school, Donghua University

The main selling points of PTT textiles are, on the one hand, parallel elastic fibers with PET, and on the other hand, fabrics are easy to be shaped. One of the characteristics of PTT is that it can produce memory fabrics, easy to shape, and can be folded and scratched into "exaggerated" shapes such as "umbrella type" and "Curcuma type". The garment profile is not restricted by human body surface, and can form further curved surfaces, pleats and protrusions on the body surface.

Easy care characteristics: after folding and transportation, there will be some unnecessary creases in storage and transportation. By simple hand touching, you can remove creases, and you can restore the original beautiful shape of clothes by simply grasping and kneading.

PTT's direction and shortage to be researched and developed: lack of fiber standards or elastic labels; fiber variety diversification, such as lack of fine denier silk and colored silk. In the field of knitting, there is a lack of underwear and casual wear interwoven with cotton yarn. There are some problems such as unevenness of filaments and interwoven fabrics with silk fabrics, and the difficulty in realizing the field of swimsuit and body building clothes. The woven products are short of new products, only plain colored ones are elastic fabrics, and the research and development of elastic yarn dyed fabrics and crepe fabrics have bottlenecks; the R & D investment must be focused for a long time.

For the future development of polyester fiber, we can not copy the pattern of PTT or other materials. We must carefully discover the characteristics of each material, and the ingenious combination feature is a strong selling point. Strive for industrial chain cooperation, equipment and technology progress at the same time, can not wait for the introduction, the only way is to improve technological content and value-added products.

　　 Focus on bio industrialization technology development

Zhan Yihui, vice president of Kaisai Biological Industry Co., Ltd.

As a leader in the production of long-chain dicarboxylic acid from bio butanol and bio technology, Kaisai Biological Industry Co., Ltd. has gained some experience in the development of biotechnology.

The core competitiveness of biological long chain dicarboxylic acid is reflected in the continuous improvement of bioconversion efficiency and the development of polymerization monomer quality. Through genetic engineering and high-throughput screening platform technology, the company continuously improves the efficiency of bioconversion and controls the production of impurities at the source stage. The difficulty of developing polymerization level quality technology is not "purity" but "impurity". The company set up the quality standard of the product in the quality development of special nylon polymerization monomer.

Major technical breakthrough in Kaisai two amine: one is high bioconversion efficiency: Kaisai uses genetic engineering methods to increase the efficiency of key enzymes in microbial strains by more than 100 times, and can convert glucose to two amines from sugar.

The two is the quality of the polymerization grade: Kaisai successfully solved the problem of ring formation in the extraction process of the two amine, and controlled the cost and product quality.

The three is the PA5X continuous polymerization technology and equipment: the polymerization process of the two amine and all kinds of binary acids has been successfully developed in the 10 liter and 100 liter pilot plant. The 1000 ton scale nylon 56 continuous polymerization demonstration line has been built and is currently being debugged.

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　　 Development trend of biomass polyester fiber technology and industrialization

Sinopec Shanghai petrochemical, Limited by Share Ltd polyester Department Wang Mingyi

Biodegradable and non degradable polymers are expected to reach 5 million 780 thousand tons by 2016. Biodegradable polyester based materials, 38.9% of non biodegradable PET, and 26.1% of biodegradable polylactic acid and aliphatic polyesters. It is estimated that the total biomass based polyester fiber will reach 3 million tons by 2016.

The development of biomass polyester fiber products includes bio based non degradable polyester raw materials, biodegradable polyester raw materials, bio based non degradable polyester fibers, PLA polyester fibers, aliphatic degradable polyester fibers.

From the perspective of development trend, spinning modification technology has become the mainstream. The rapid growth of PET technology makes the cost of direct spinning of copolymerization modified by 15% lower than that of chip spinning.

Dyed functional fabrics and partially improved "comfortable cotton" are showing great advantages in processing cost, overall energy saving, environmental protection and functional long-term maintenance. Heavy metal free polyester will play a key role in polyester synthesis, spinning, dyeing and finishing process and fiber recovery and regeneration industry chain.

In addition, the application market of bio based polyester fibers has been expanding. The progress of Nonwovens Technology has greatly reduced the overall cost of nonwovens, and also made the "cost performance" advantage of bio based polyester fibers visible.

In the future, the industry needs to increase the cooperation between the "bio production, learning and research" of the bio based polyester fiber industry chain, strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, further cultivate, cultivate and create the innovation platform, coordinate the interests balance of the industrial chain under the background of the market economy, better play the economic and social benefits of the industrial chain, and attach importance to the development of safety technology, environmental protection technology, standardization technology and market development technology.

　　 Poly 3- hydroxybutyrate Co 4- hydroxybutyric acid

Study on modification and fiber forming technology

Claire, Professor of textile and materials, Dalian Polytechnic University

biomass polyester PHA belongs to microbial fermentation, which is renewable from raw materials. After use, it is easily degraded by microorganisms in the environment; physiological compatibility; PHA has more than 150 monomers, and its proportion is adjustable.

The diversity and diversity of PHA index are as follows: molecular weight: 1000~1000000, Tg:-60 ~ 80 C, crystallinity: 10% ~ 60%, elongation at break 5% ~ 1000%, water and air barrier equivalent to PET and UV resistance.

PHA has unlimited potential in the field of polymer applications, and can be applied in biomedical materials, packaging materials, high-performance biochemical filters and other fields, but its market share is not large at present.

The research and development of PHA is currently facing insufficient technical and economic advantages, such as high raw material prices and poor product performance. To get better fiber materials, we need to solve several major problems, such as spinning technology under the guidance of rheological theory, improving molecular mobility and crystallization, controlling degradation and increasing melt strength.

At present, the Joint Institute of Dalian Industrial University has fully applied the platform of Liaoning functional fiber and its composite materials engineering and technology research center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of material modification and national engineering practice education center, and promoted the research of biomass synthetic fiber in seaweed modification and functionalization, modified shrimp protein and its fiber, chitin fiber, PET/PTT/PBT parallel composite fiber and PET/PBT parallel composite fiber.

　　 PTT and PLA fiber Prospects for development

Qian Yihong, senior engineer of Shanghai Huayuan Co., Ltd.

In biomass fiber, PTT fiber and PLA fiber will be the most qualified varieties to date. PTT fiber: fermented 1,3-PDO domestic Klebsiella pneumoniae and its genetically modified engineering bacteria fermentation technology has the advantage of independent intellectual property rights; the technology will be accompanied by the development of biodiesel industry increasingly showing economic and environmental advantages.

PLA fiber: raw material lactic acid fermentation industry has a relatively superior industrial base than 1,3-PDO. However, the production level of L-LA used in chemical fiber production in China is still low, and the purity of products can not meet the requirements of chemical fiber production, and the production cost is also high. The domestic PLA direct spinning process is an original technology, and the production of bonding fibers has made a good start in the application of hygienic materials.

Paying attention to the development of chemical fiber engineering technology has great impetus to the development of biomass fiber. The development of chemical fiber technology, in the current practice of biomass fiber development, the establishment of "polymerization level" raw materials fermentation alcohol concept, the formulation of raw materials used for fiber production of raw materials index standards, contribute to the future development of enterprises.

At the same time, attach importance to R & D of process reaction equipment. At present, the development enterprises in 1,3-PDO, including L-LA, have made great contributions in breeding new engineering bacteria by means of genetic transformation. However, the research and development of traditional fermentation and purification process and corresponding equipment may directly and effectively improve the yield of biomass alcohols in fermented products. The new and efficient polymerization device is also worth working hard to develop.

　　 Feng Shuqin, senior engineer of Sheng Hong Polytron Technologies Inc

1, 3- propylene glycol is an important raw material for unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin and polyurethane resin. It is widely used as absorbent, antifreeze, lubricant and solvent in food, medicine and cosmetic industries. Propylene glycol is also used as tobacco humidifier, mildew inhibitor, food processing equipment lubricant and food label ink. As the main raw material for developing biomass fiber PTT, it can replace glycol and butanediol to produce polyol polyester.

1, 3- propylene glycol has three main production methods: acrolein method, ethylene oxide method and microbial fermentation method. Sheng Hong and Tsinghua University developed Klebsiella pneumoniae glycerol fermentation.

In the future, bioengineering preparation of 1, 3- propylene glycol will make the price of PTT lower than PBT and nylon. 3-PDO is an important raw material for the production of PTT fibers, and is irreplaceable. Therefore, the development of PTT fiber industry will have a significant impact on the development of the 1 and 3-PDO market. In addition, over the past 3 years, the most widely used field of 1 and 3-PDO is the pharmaceutical industry, which is mainly used to produce sibutramine slimming pills and vitamin -H.

At present, the total capacity of 1,3-PDO products in China is 13 thousand tons / year, and the total capacity in the next 3 years is expected to reach 115 thousand tons / year. The actual demand for 1,3-PDO products is about 50 thousand tons, and the largest output of domestic production enterprises will remain at 50 thousand tons.