Zhang Monan Talks About The High Volume Of China'S Trade Volume

< p > traditional trade statistics methods can not truly reflect China's position in the global value chain and the distribution of international trade gains.

Our country mainly cuts into the global value chain through processing trade. Because of the large amount of import intermediate inputs, the trade scale is "high". Although this mode makes our local enterprises have the opportunity to participate directly in the international division of labor, but because the global value chain "a href=" http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp "> smile curve < /a", the high value ends are controlled by the multinational corporations in the developed countries.

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< p > Ministry of Commerce statistics show that in 2013, China's total import and export volume of goods trade exceeded 4 trillion US dollars, which is expected to surpass that of the United States as the world's largest trading nation.

This is also China's second largest economy and the largest export trading power in the world. The first big a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" is a major breakthrough after manufacturing /a, the largest foreign exchange reserve country and the second largest importer.

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< p > with the progress of economic globalization, more and more countries are involved in the global value chain.

However, the current framework of Global trade statistics can not truly reflect the volume of trade, trade volume and actual trade income of all countries. The traditional total value based statistical method based on total trade volume can neither reveal the complicated value chain division among countries, such as intermediate goods trade, and also cause a large number of "duplicate accounting" problems.

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Since 2011, the international trade statistics reform promoted by the World Trade Organization (WTO) has brought the world a new understanding of the global trade division and the global value chain. WTO is actively pushing forward the new framework of international trade statistics to replace the "full value accounting of trade" with the "trade value added (accounting for the added value of commodities in one country") accounting. "P"

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Economic globalization has changed the international trade mode, and the globalization of P has promoted the extension of the product chain.

With the rapid rise of the intermediate goods trade, the export products manufactured by a country consist of inputs produced by other countries, which may cross the border several times and have been counted by Customs for many times. This leads to the fact that the full value statistics in the country can not correctly reflect the actual value added of each country in the international product division chain.

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< p > UNCTAD (2013) report shows that about 28% of the world's exports are importing countries only to import them as intermediate products for the production of some export commodities or services. In the global exports of US $19 trillion in 2010, about 5 trillion US dollars were duplicated.

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< p > because from the perspective of trade value added, a country's export products include not only domestic value added, but also foreign value added.

Domestic added value refers to the national added value contained in the export products of a country, which is exported from domestic production to other countries or is returned to its own country.

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< p > the repeated calculation of the added value of the exhumation not only exaggerates the actual trade surplus of China and other countries, but also exaggerates the trade deficit of the developed countries such as the United States, which can not truly reflect the true situation of the global trade imbalance.

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Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, especially after China's accession to the P, China has integrated into the global value chain (GVC) characterized by high investment and cheap labor input, and has focused on labor-intensive, low profit, low technology production, processing, manufacturing or assembling. This has promoted the rapid expansion of China's trade volume and the rapid growth of manufacturing industry in the WTO.

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< p > since 2009, China has become the world's largest exporter of goods for four consecutive years, accounting for about 11% of world trade.

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< p > however, the traditional < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > trade statistics < /a > method can not truly reflect China's position in the global value chain and the distribution of international trade gains.

Our country mainly cuts into the global value chain through processing trade. Because of the large number of imported intermediate inputs, the scale of trade is "high". Although this mode makes our local enterprises have the opportunity to participate directly in the international division of labor, but because the global value chain "smile curve" high value ends are controlled by multinational corporations in developed countries.

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According to our calculations, in the export sector, the sectors with a higher proportion of foreign value added to the manufacturing sector are concentrated in the manufacturing sector. The average value of the added value of their products exported to China is 26.3%, that is, the increase in the value of exports exceeding 1/4 by the major manufacturing sectors is not created in China.

If the trade surplus calculated by trade value added method will shrink by about 36%, China EU trade surplus and Sino Indian bilateral trade surplus will also drop sharply, and the trade deficit between China and Japan will further expand.

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What is more serious is that the growth of the trade volume of puffiness has not brought about the growth of China's interest distribution in the global trade, but intensified the friction between our country and its main trading partners. P

China's annual trade surplus of goods is close to US $200 billion, and the resulting foreign trade friction has become more and more intense in recent years.

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"P" pnational corporations import raw materials and components at high prices and export products at low prices, making China's profits largely pferred overseas, but are accused of dumping Chinese products at low prices, making China the world's largest "double anti" country.

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From this point of view, it is far more important to enhance the quality of trade than the scale growth. Therefore, it is not necessary for China to be complacent about the so-called "world's largest trading nation", to promote the trade value added statistics, to restore China's trade, and to re-examine the real situation in the international division of labor. That is the first step in the reform of P.

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