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China'S Cotton Acreage Is Lower And Its Planting Area Decreases Year By Year.

2013/10/31 13:37:00 26

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at the national cotton picking site conference held in Anyang, Henan, Wang Ge, director of the Department of crop management of the Ministry of agriculture, pointed out that China's cotton planting area has shrunk from 88 million 890 thousand Mu at the highest level in 2007 to less than 70 million mu this year. 
P, a sensitive cotton researcher, has already smelled this message. Yu Shuxun, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, called for the mechanization of "a href=" http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp > cotton > /a > mechanized picking. This is the only direction for the modernization of cotton production in China. The way out for cotton industry is to plant cotton happily. 
 profit bottleneck to be broken 
 cotton is an important cash crop in China. Zhang Yongshan, a researcher at the Cotton Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told China Science Daily that China is the largest cotton producing and consuming country. China's cotton area accounts for 3% of the planting industry and its output value reaches 10%. In 2012, China's cotton textile exports amounted to US $262 billion 500 million. 
Although P is known as an economic crop, the economic benefits of cotton in recent years are worrying. According to the statistical data of compendium of national agricultural products cost and income, in recent 8 years, the average profit of cotton per mu in China is only 246 yuan. If the field cultivation in Xinjiang is removed, the profit of the mainland cotton will be less than 200 yuan per mu. 
 the main reason is stuck in "picking flowers". Li Fuguang, director of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, pointed out that cotton is a labor-intensive field crop. Compared with other crops, it has many management links and complicated agronomy. For this reason, the amount of labor employed is large, and the cost of picking flowers alone accounts for 50% of the total cost. 
 at this stage, the labor cost of cotton production in China has reached 1000 yuan per mu. In the cotton area of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River River Basin, the cost of artificial cotton picking is 400~500 yuan / mu. In the northwest inland cotton region dominated by Xinjiang, the cost has reached as high as 660~1300 yuan / mu. 
 Zhang Yongshan told reporters that in California, cotton < a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > picking cost < /a > about 80 yuan per mu, and China as high as 400 yuan or more. Our country produces an average of 15 labor days for producing 50 kg a href= "http://www.91se91.com/news/index_c.asp" > lint < /a >, while the United States only needs 0.5. 
 even so, during the cotton harvest period, the high picking price in Xinjiang cotton area is difficult to employ suitable labor. 
 "the contradiction between high cost and low efficiency in cotton industry is becoming more and more prominent. In the long run, it will definitely affect the safety of China's cotton industry." Li Fuguang said that under such circumstances, mechanized cotton planting has become the fundamental way out for the development of cotton in China. 
 machine harvest cotton is imperative. 
 in China's three crops of grain, cottonseed oil, there has been no mechanized harvest, only cotton. 
 at present, 30% of the world's cotton has been mechanically picked, of which 100% of the US, Australia and South America have been mechanically picked up. Spain, Greece and other medium-sized agricultural countries have also partially achieved mechanical picking. Agricultural underdeveloped countries such as Argentina and Brazil have also developed fast cotton picking technology. 
At present, the mainstream product of cotton picker in the domestic market is the horizontal spindle picking machine produced by Deere Company, Keyes Co and Guihang group, P. Cotton picking in China started late. Large self propelled cotton harvester mainly relies on imports, which has become a bottleneck restricting the whole cotton production mechanization level. 
 "because of the high cost of large cotton harvest at a speed of $2 million, plus the corresponding equipment and maintenance and repair costs, it is generally difficult for single users to bear. Currently, it is limited to the promotion and application of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps." Li Xin, chairman of Gansu Huida trust technology and trade group, told the China Science Daily. 
 Li Yabing, a doctor of the cotton Science Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, analyzed the reporter of China Science Daily. At present, the large-scale production of cotton has basically taken shape in China, and the conditions for picking cotton have also been possessed. 
 from the planting angle, cotton planting in the northwest inland cotton area has become a piece of film. The cotton planting in the the Yellow River Delta area is relatively concentrated, and the planting area of a grower can reach dozens of mu or even more than 100 mu, which has created a necessary condition for cotton production. 
 in addition, the production and management technology of Xinjiang's machine picked cotton has developed more and more mature in recent years, and the the Yellow River basin has begun to start. Mechanical harvesting can reduce the "three wire" pollution of cotton fibers in raw cotton during picking and spanportation. 
Nowadays, Xinjiang is the largest cotton producing area in China. After nearly 10 years of introduction and use of cotton picking machine, the level of mechanical cotton harvest of the Corps farms is basically close to that of the advanced countries. P 
 technology helps /strong < .
 compared with mechanical harvesting of corn and wheat, there are quite strict technical requirements for mechanization of cotton at all stages. This is also one of the important reasons why machine cotton has been difficult to popularize quickly. 
"P", "from species to cultivation, to late management, and even to boll opening, flower control and defoliation time, and other aspects, must be strictly controlled, so we need to carry out systematic research." Zhang Yongshan said. 
 for this purpose, under the support of the Ministry of agriculture's industry projects and the cotton industry system, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences cotton has set up a model for the demonstration base of mechanized harvesting of cotton. Through the selection of new varieties, the key cultivation techniques and the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, the mechanization mode of cotton production has been explored. 
 Li Yabing said that the experimental field in Anyang, Henan, achieved a high yield level of 5 mu per mu, and the yield per mu reached 300 kg, which provided a possibility for the promotion of whole cotton mechanization. 
 at the scene of the observation meeting, the self propelled finger cotton picker developed by Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute attracted the attention of large cotton growers from all over the country. It is understood that the price of the self propelled cotton picker is about about 300000 yuan, only about 1/10 of the imported type, which can meet the needs of different cotton planting patterns. 
 "we will focus on the development of agricultural machinery and agricultural machinery in the the Yellow River basin and cotton growing areas in the Yangtze River Valley. We will continue to tackle technical difficulties such as selection of cotton machinery picking, cultivation mode screening and standardization, and light reduction of picking machinery, which will play a key role in stabilizing cotton production in the mainland." Li Fuguang said. 
 this is the "technology prescription" to save China from shrinking cotton area.