The Influence Of Knowledge Economy On Accounting Identities And Improvement Of Accounting Reports

With the extensive application of electronic information revolution and high and new technology, information and intelligence resources are playing an increasingly important role in daily life, and human beings have entered the era of knowledge economy.

The new mode of production has fundamentally changed the outlook of the society, and has changed the premise hypothesis that all kinds of economic theories which are suitable for the industrial economy exist.

The influence of knowledge economy on accounting identities is the premise of the current accounting mode 1..

The accounting identity under the current accounting mode is: Assets = Liabilities + owners' equity.

The implicit assumptions of its establishment are three: one is the accounting assumption of the productive person: that is, the enterprise is the enterprise of the producer, and the financial accounting reflects the assets and income and other circumstances of the liabilities and owners.

Assets are tangible assets and intangible assets that can be pferred separately.

Assets that are attributable to employees when they are realizable (such as knowledge resources of employees) or cash realisation are not reflected by assets (such as goodwill), which are paid by the owner with no income.

The two is the assumption of corporeal assets, that is, tangible assets occupy the dominant position in the assets of enterprises and determine the fate of enterprises.

Therefore, financial accounting is enough to reflect the value of tangible assets.

The three is the principle of prudence and short-term view, which limits the assets of enterprises to short-term realizable ones and does not deal with assets that are not valued for a long time.

2. accounting environment hypothesis in knowledge economy.

First of all, the enterprise is the contract body formed by the stakeholders. The enterprise is no longer a separate owner, but an independent body with legal person qualification, independent legal liability and social responsibility. The main stakeholders of the enterprise include the producers, employees, the government, the public, customers, suppliers and so on. The resources that enterprises can directly control are from the owners, namely creditors, shareholders and workers, so the assets of enterprises must include all the resources provided by the three parties.

Secondly, in the knowledge economy, the main body of the enterprise assets is the intangible asset, which determines the long-term fate of the enterprise, and most of the enterprises' Merger and acquisition - "goodwill" is an important example.

When accounting reflects asset value, it must take into account tangible and intangible assets.

Third, accounting should provide long and short term financial information for enterprises. At present, accounting is more important for enterprises to reflect short-term financial information, while its long-term financial information is rather neglected.

3. improvement of accounting identities.

The improved accounting identities are: assets, one asset, ten priceless assets, two liabilities, ten owners' equity and ten human capital.

Among them: (1) valuable assets include tangible assets and intangible assets that can be separately priced.

2. Priceless assets refer to the assets of enterprises that can not be separately priced, including knowledge resources of employees, goodwill and other assets belonging to the whole enterprise.

(3) owners' rights and interests include the dividends of enterprises and the residual claim after deducting debts after the liquidation of liquidation.

(4) human capital is the knowledge resources that employees invest in enterprises.

Two, improvement of accounting report. In order to satisfy the needs of external information users, enterprises need to report their financial status and business performance externally.

Under the condition of knowledge economy, due to the changes in the connotation of accounting elements and the improvement of accounting identities, the way of reporting should also be different. The following two methods can be applied: L. report.

By using the improved accounting identity method, we can improve the accounting statement accordingly, so that it can include long-term assets, reflect the knowledge resources of workers, and take into account the needs of long and short term decisions.

However, at present, the priceless assets and knowledge resources can not be well measured, so its practical application needs to be improved. In order to meet the needs of information users, we can adopt the following double reporting methods.

2. double report.

The first report reports on the short-term financial growth of enterprises. The traditional accounting identities can be adopted. It mainly reports three kinds of accounting reports that are widely used now and the "fourth confirmed statements of gains and losses" which have been widely used. These reports can well meet the needs of short-term decision making by information users. The second report is a report on the long-term operation capability of enterprises. It mainly reports on the priceless assets of enterprises (the knowledge resources of employees, product research and development, and corporate social responsibility) and so on. Its goal is to report the long-term prospects of enterprises, and to use human resources growth tables and value-added forms to measure and reflect monetary and non monetary means.