Nepalese Trade And Investment Barriers Report
China and Nepal are friendly neighbors linked by mountains and rivers, and the history of friendly exchanges has a long history. China and Nepal have been making fruitful cooperation in various fields such as politics, economy and culture, and have achieved satisfactory results. The economic and trade cooperation between China and Nepal has also shown a good momentum of development. From the early 90s of last century, few economic and trade cooperation jumped to the second place in bilateral cooperation.
I. bilateral economic and trade overview
In the fiscal year 2002/03 (July 2002 to July 2003), the total trade volume between Nepal and China was 13 billion 90 million rupees (US $175 million), an increase of 6.4% over the previous fiscal year and 7.5% of the total import and export volume. Among them, exports to China amounted to 1 billion 720 million rupees (US $23 million), an increase of 55.8%, accounting for 3.5% of total exports; imports of 11 billion 370 million rupees (US $152 million), an increase of 1.5%, accounting for 9.1% of imports (the number of statistics in Nigeria was larger than our statistics).
The main commodities imported from Nepal include grain, sugar, vegetable oil, incense, copper products and various woollen products. The export commodities mainly include chemical fertilizer, cashmere yarn, raw silk, household appliances, communication equipment, bags and garments, and agricultural and sideline products such as garlic and rapeseed.
China has invested 26 enterprises in Nepal or ready to operate. In 2003 alone, 8 new investment enterprises were added, with a total investment of US $about 30000000. Of them, the largest investment is the upper modi hydropower project. The total investment of the project is US $27 million, which is jointly invested by China overseas construction limited liability company and Guangxi international economic and technological cooperation company in the form of BOT. This is also the first investment project of our state company in Nepal.
Two. Nepalese trade management system
(1) trade management system
1. The basic trade policy of the Nepalese government Weakening the strength of state-owned enterprises and privatizing them, expanding the role of private enterprises in trade, attracting foreign investment, developing new products, improving the quality and output of traditional products, implementing trade liberalization, encouraging trade and industry integration, and promoting exports. At the same time, we should increase output to meet domestic demand, pay attention to developing remote areas, promote product diversification, promote export earning, improve balance of payments, and meet domestic demand through imports.
2. Legal system of trade management Nepal is still mainly implementing the trade policy promulgated in 1992. The main laws and regulations include: (1) Export & Import (Control) Act 1956, "import and Export Management Act (1956)". (2) Trade Policy 1992 (trade policy (1992)) (two) the means to achieve the management of foreign trade:
1, import and export commodity license management In the trade policies and regulations promulgated by the Nepalese government in 1992, the catalogue of commodities prohibited from import and export, and some restricted export catalogues were stipulated. According to the market supply and demand situation, the specific species will be published by the government in the "government gazette" on an irregular basis.
At present, goods prohibited from exporting include archaeological and religious relics, wildlife, drugs, metals and jewellery, arms and raw materials, leather, logs and timber. China's exports to Nepal are prohibited from re exporting to India.
Restricted exports are: rice; corn; wheat; mung beans; lentils; peas; mustard; rapeseed; more than 100 kilograms of raw silk (no letter of credit).
Prohibited imports are: drugs; alcoholic beverages above 60 degrees; ammunition (unless there is a government permit); communication equipment (unless there is a government permit); metals and jewellery; beef and its products.
2, tariff management In order to encourage exports, the Nepal government stipulates that the export commodities are exempt from customs duties in addition to paying 0.5% of the service charge. All taxes on the production link should be refunded, and all products imported from processed products will be exempted from all taxes.
In the import sector, the Nigerian customs mainly levying five kinds of taxes and fees: basic tariff, balance tax (or regulation tax), special fee (or security fee), local development tax and value-added tax.
The basic tariff is the tax rate stipulated in the Nepalese customs tariff schedule. After joining WTO in September, the average tax rate has dropped to 11%. Special charges, local development tax and value added tax have not changed in the new fiscal year. They are still 5%, 1.5% and 10% respectively, while the balanced tariff is a major means of trade protection in Nepal. It is determined by the difference between the imported goods and the local products of the same kind by the customs. The tax rate is not fixed, and the human factors are too big.
3, bank management 35% of exporters' foreign exchange earnings are sold to the government at official exchange rates, and 65% can be sold to commercial banks in accordance with market rates. Import remittance can only be borrowed from commercial banks, with higher interest and mortgage.
4. Certificate of origin management: There are three types of certificate of origin stipulated by the Nigerian government. (1) the certificate of origin for the export of India - zero tariff on trade between Nepal and India; (2) certificate of origin for export to South Asian countries - script src=> for South Asia
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